Temporal Lobe: The brains contain four lobes in the cortex, including the occipital, parietal, temporal, and frontal lobes. The temporal lobe located just beneath the lateral fissure and crisscrossing both fissures of the brain. This vital structure of the temporal lobe supports process the sensory input, including pain and the auditory stimuli. It further helps you understand language, retain visual memories, and both process and the remember emotions.
If temporal lobe damage of the brain can hold global outcomes for essentially every bodily function considering much of what we do depends on emotions and the sensory input.
Temporal lobe Anatomy
The temporal lobe consists of edifices that are essential for declarative or long-term memory. Declarative or explicit memory is understanding memory classified into semantic memory (facts) and episodic memory (events). The temporal lobe is important for long-term memory to involve the hippocampus, accompanying the surrounding hippocampal region consisting of the perirhinal, parahippocampal, and the entorhinal neocortical regions. The hippocampus is significant for memory formation, and the encompassing medial temporal cortex is currently theorized to be significant for memory storage. The prefrontal and visual cortices are similarly committed in explicit memory.
Experimentation has revealed that lesions in the hippocampus of monkeys produce in limited impairment of function, whereas extended lesions that involve the hippocampus and the medial temporal cortex result in drastic impairment.
The limbic lobe of the brain truly converges with several lobes but combines directly with the temporal lobe to control the limbic system, including automatic emotional responses such as the fight-or-flight response. The limbic lobe is addressing key memory, learning, and attention processing structures such as the amygdala and the hippocampus. This brain area further manages a number of automatic, unconscious biological functions, as considerably as unconscious emotional states, such as the sexual arousal and the appetite.
Wernicke’s area is associated with the judgment and the processing of speech.
Broca’s area helps in the production of speech, though amazing evidence suggests that, while Broca’s area is damaged, nearby areas may compensate. Coincidentally with Wernicke’s area, Broca’s area assists communication.
Temporal lobe Location-The temporal lobe is positioned toward the base of the center of the cortex, just behind the temples. Though every temporal lobe has an alike structure, the experiences presented in each person’s temporal lobe are uniquely their individual.
Temporal Lobe Function
The temporal lobe performs an important role in auditory processing. This function includes understanding sounds, empowering meaning to those sounds, and recalling sounds. Paramount of the auditory functioning of the temporal lobe is processed within the superior temporal gyrus, a temporal lobe arrangement that takes sound input quickly from the ear. Remarkable of its additional functions comprise:
The generation of visual memories, including long-term memories. In combination with the amygdala and hippocampus, the temporal lobe is important for the formation of conscious memories.
Understanding the meaning of visual stimuli, including identifying objects. It’s not acceptable to just see an object. For vision to be beneficial, you must further understand whatever it is you are seeing. The ventral portion of the temporal lobe aids in the responsibility of meaning to the visions you take in every day. Outwardly the ventral lobe, you would not be capable of identifying faces or reading body language.
Production of speech- Dysfunction in this brain region can commence to difficulties speaking, even when different structures are intact or you can consciously imagine what you want to say.
Recognition of language-The auditory cortex within the temporal lobe is important for hearing and judgment speech, but a range of other arrangements in the temporal lobe improve your understand and give meaning to language. If the temporal lobe damaged, you could not remember verbal exchanges or recognize the language.
Regulating unconscious and seemingly automatic reactions, before-mentioned as appetite, thirst, hunger.
Temporal lobe maintaining body control homeostasis. This important role is shared by many regions of the brain.
Temporal Lobe Damage
The effects of temporal lobe damage are myriad, and can include:
- Temporal lobe epilepsy cause seizures that produce uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain that can lead to seizures.
- Damage to Broca’s region does prevent the ability to speak, while injury to Wernicke’s area can prevent the ability to understand speech.
- Impaired memory skills depend on the location of the damage, but common problems involve difficulty recognizing people, faces, or objects; inadequate long-term memory; disorders in autobiographical memory, and weak auditory memory.
- Changes in personality regarding emotional regulation and interpersonal communications.
- Changes in self-regulating behaviors, such as hunger, thirst, appetite, and sexual desire.
- Changes in spatial navigation and spatial reasoning. People with temporal lobe damage may encounter challenges driving, paying attention to physical directions, or navigating their way around the world.